Kadam (Anthocephalus chinensis (Lam.) Rich ex. Walp.}, a fast growing multipurpose tree species, is grown in the homesteads and planted in the forest areas of Bangladesh. The plantations of this species often suffer from the attack of the defoliator, Arthroschista (=Margaronia) hilaralis Walker (Pyralidae : Lepidoptera). This paper describes distribution, host plants, nature and impact of damage, life history, number of
generation, population fluctuation, natural enemies and management of the pest. The pest completes its life cycle within 23.0 + 3.0 days. It has 9-10 generations in a year. Younger trees, usually 2-5 years of age, were found most heavily infested. The peak infestation occurred during August-September. Two parasites, Apanteles balteatea Lal. (Braconidae : Hymenoptera) and Brachytneria lasus Walk. (Chalcididae: Hymenoptera), caused a mortality of about 40% of the pest population. Application of Thuricide (Bacillus thnringiensis) 40 WP or Malathion (malathion) 57 EC @ 0.1% concentration was effective in controlling severe infestation. Hand collection and destruction at the initial stage of infestation could suppress and provision of overhead orside shade for the tree could prevent the attack of this pest.