BANGLADESH JOURNAL OF FOREST SCIENCE
A Half-yearly Peer Reviewed Journal of Bangladesh Forest Research Institute
A Half-yearly Peer Reviewed Journal of Bangladesh Forest Research Institute
A survery was conducted to assess the present status of infestation caused by the beehole borer, Zeuzera conferta Walker(Cossidae: Lepidoptera) in keora (Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham.) plantations along the coastal belt of Bangladesh. The survey covered plantations raised in the four Coastal Afforestation Divisions, namely Patuakhali, Bhola, Noakhali and Chittagong of the Forest Directorate. The survey revealed an overall infestation of 20.9% with an average of 15.6,16.6, 26.3 and 25.2% in the four Divisions respectively. A number of plantation attributes, such as age (3-20 years), inundation duration (very low to very high levels with which the keora stand got tidally inundated in a year), canopy closure (open and closed), and stand composition (single species and mixed species), were evaluated for their correlation association with the degree of infestation. The correlations between the degree of infestation and plantation age in Patuakhali (r = -0.28 ) and Bhola (r = -0.31) were non-significant, whereas those in Noakhali (r = -0.71) and Chittagong (r = -0.53) were significant. The infestation trend reached its peak at around the age of seven years and then decreased slowly. Infestation was higher in highly inundated (> 9 months inundation), open canopy and single species stands.
The growth periodicity of clum and rhizome in Melocanna baccifera clumps were studied. The culm emergence is maximum in July to mid September. It was observed that everyday only the middle internode of a developing culm elongated maximum and moved gradually in successive order from the base to the tip of the culm. The lower internodes rarely elongated. The movement and elongation ofrhizome neck in the clump seemed to take place either slowly or actively throughout the year irrespective of seasonal variation. The culm emergence and rhizome neck development took place simultaneously. The growth periodicity of underground rhizome system and culm on the ground was found to be interrelated and seemed to be alternating with each other. Periodicity for culm emergence and rhizome neck development in M. baccifera was influenced by both soil and air temperature and ambient moisture condition.
The paper presents the leaf epidermal micromorphology of 26 bamboo species under seven genera occurring in Bangladesh both in wild and under cultivation. The results are presented in a tabular form. The findings indicate that micromorphological features of abaxial leaf epidermis work as taxonomic characters at species level. The paper also provides a dichotomous key to identify bamboo species occurring in Bangladesh based on leaf epidermal characters.
Pot culture experiments were carried out in non-pasteurised soil to determine the effects ofsix different VAM fungi such as Gigaspora margarita, Glomus deserticola, G. fasciculatiim, G. mosseae, G. monosporum and G. versiforme individually as well as in combinations with Frankia sp. on the seedling growth of Casuarina equisetifolia. Inoculation of VAM fungi or Frankia sp. increased the growth and biomass. Among the different VAM fungi, Glomusfasciculatiim followed by G. versiforme significantly enhanced the growth, stem girth and biomass. Inoculation with G. monosporum increased mycorrhizal infection and spore number in the soil. Co-inoculation with Gigaspora margarita and Frankia sp. significantly increased root colonization and spore number. Nodule number and nodular biomass were increased with the inoculation of VAM fungi. They were further increased by inoculations with Frankia sp. with a maximum in G. mosseae and Frankia sp. inoculated seedlings. Inoculation with Gigaspora margarita individually orin combination with Frankia sp.significantly increased tissue P and K concentration. Significant increase of N concentration was observed in Glomus monosporum inoculation.
The effect ofsalinity on the germination of Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham. was studied. The best germination success was observed in the 0-5 ppt salinity range with the highest value (98.67%) at the 0 ppt (fresh water) level. Germination success decreased significantly with the increasing level of salinity. Increasing salinity also remarkably delayed the germination. Satisfactory germination success was observed when salt treated seeds were sown in fresh water condition. This indicates that salt has only a reversible inhibitory effect on germination. The rate of recovery from the inhibitory effect of salt was not found to be sensitive to the level of salinity, and did not exhibit any definite relationship with the length of exposure of seed to the saline condition
One hundred and eight species of macrohymenopterans belonging to fifteen families and fifty six genera were recorded from the Silent Valley
National Park. The families Sphecidae, Formicidae, Pompilidae and Apidae contained maximum number of species. The insects were collected from five habitats, viz., tropical evergreen forest, subtropical broad leaved hill forest, montane wet temperate forest, low altitude grasslands and high altitude grasslands. Of the various species recorded in this study, seven genera and eleven species are new reportsfor Kerala and seven species are new reports for India.
Eucalyptus camaldulensis poles were treated with 50 : 50 creosote-light diesel oil mixture. The poles contained an average of 53.85% sapwood which was readily perishable by wood destroying organisms if untreated. The poles were treated by the Bethel Full-Cell process using varying pressure and duration to evaluate the effect on penetration and retention of the preservative mixture. It was found that with the simultaneous increase of both treating pressure and time, no significant increase in pentration was achieved. On the other hand, with the increase of treating pressure only, the retention of pressrvative in the sapwood was increased significantly. A penetration of 3.5 cm with retention of 318. 45 kg/m3 in the treated sapwood could be obtained by using 10.57 kg/cm2 pressure for 3 hours. This amount of penetration is considered adequate to protect the sapwood region of the pole.
Teli garjan (Dipterocarpus turbinatus) is the most important indigenous species included for long term plantation programme in Bangladesh. Site indices models have been derived for the species in the plantations of Bangladesh. The selected models derived in the study could be satisfactorily used for teli garjan plantations having ages 3-60 years and site indices of 25-55 metres based on a base age or rotation of 45 years.
A study was conducted with 15 lesser used/unused medium density
(0.52-0.68) wood species of Bangladesh to determine their hardboard making
characteristics. The species tested were barta (Artocarpus lakoocha), chalta (Dillenia
iiidica), dakroom (Mitragyna rotundifalia), gab (Diospyros peregrine), hargaza (Dillenia
pcntagynn), jhumka bhadi (Engelhardtia spicata), kamdev (Calophyllum polyanthum),
kao (Garcinia cowa), kasturi (Cinnamomum cecidodaphne), kerung (Pongamia pinnata),
moos (Pterospernium acerifolium), pairag (Canarium risiiiiferum), rata (Aphanamixis
polystachya), tali (Palagttiuni polyanthum) and uriam (Mangifera sylvatica). It wasfound
that all the species except barta, kasturi and uriam produced good or even better
quality hardboard than that ofsundri (Heritierafames) a widely used wood species in
Khulna Hardboard Mills
The exact flowering cycles (from seed to seed) ofbamboos are known for few species. Most of the pastreports on bamboo flowering cycles are
based on speculation and estimation (Hasan 1973, Banik 1991). The flowering cycles for many species of bamboo from India, Bangladesh and
Myanmar were reported (Cavendish 1905, Blatter 1930, Bor 1941, Hasan 1973, Bahadur 1980, Naithani 1990, Banik 1991, Alam 1995). This paper
presentsthe estima ted flowering cycles of Bambusa burmanica Gamble, B. cacharensis Majumdar and B. jaintiana Majumdar based on past records and recent flowering (Table 1)
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